Which statement is true regarding DVT prophylaxis in the setting of bleeding risk?

• A. Pharmacologic prophylaxis is used in all patients regardless of bleeding risk
• B. Mechanical methods are used when pharmacologic prophylaxis is contraindicated
• C. Prophylaxis is unnecessary
• D. Only postoperative prophylaxis is used

Answer: (B)

When bleeding risk is present, the goal is to prevent venous thromboembolism without worsening bleeding. Pharmacologic anticoagulants can increase bleeding, so they’re not always safe. In this setting, nonpharmacologic mechanical methods—such as sequential compression devices or graduated compression stockings—are used to promote venous return and reduce DVT risk while avoiding anticoagulation. Once bleeding risk subsides, pharmacologic options can be considered.

Why the other ideas don’t fit: giving pharmacologic prophylaxis to all patients ignores the danger of bleeding; prophylaxis isn’t unnecessary because DVT risk remains high; and prophylaxis isn’t limited to the postoperative period—it's used based on risk assessment throughout the perioperative period, including before and after surgery as appropriate.